Vitality News Health Articles

Before discussing acne scars and their treatment, it’s pertinent to point out that acne red marks that may mirror scars are not actually scars because no permanent change has occurred. In other words they are not real scarring and disappear in time, however, while they are visible they can cause embarrassment.

Lesions known as macules or “pseudo-scars” are flat, red or reddish spots that appear in the final stage of most inflamed acne lesions. After the inflammation of an acne lesion is gone, a macule may remain in the lesion’s site for up to 6 more months. When a macule eventually disappears, no trace of it will remain, unlike a scar.

Post-inflammatory pigmentation is darkening or discoloration of the skin at the site of a healed or healing inflamed acne lesion. The lesion’s color varies from light brown to black. Under sunlight exposure (UV rays), lesions may become darker. It happens more frequently in darker-skinned people, but can be occasionally observed in people with fair skin. Early application of a natural skin care cream minimizes the occurrence of post-inflammatory pigmentation and also eliminates older marks. If untreated, post-inflammatory pigmentation can even continue for up to 18 months, specially with excessive sunlight exposure.

Causes of Acne Scars

Acne scars occur when spots become inflamed or don’t heal properly. While scarring for some people seems to depend on genetic factors or skin color, precautions can be taken to avoid scars along with treatments, which considerably reduce a scarred skin’s appearance.

Basically, scars form at the site of damage and are the evident reminders of injury and tissue repair. In the case of acne, the lesion is originated by the body’s inflammatory response to sebum, bacteria, and dead cells in the plugged sebaceous follicle. There are two types of true scars:

(1) Depressed areas such as pitted acne scarring or ice-pick scars, and

(2) Raised thickened tissue such as keloids.

When tissue suffers a lesion, the body rushes in its ‘repair kit’ to the injury site. The skin activitates all its immune and repair systems, where elements such as white blood cells, inflammatory molecules, and reconstructive elements have the task of healing tissue and controlling infection. However, when their mission is done they may leave a somewhat messy repair patch in the form of fibrous scar tissue, or eroded tissue. But sometimes it’s different.

White blood cells and inflammatory molecules may remain at the site of an active acne lesion for days or even weeks. In people who are susceptible to scarring the result may be an acne scar. More studies about the occurrence and incidence of scarring are needed. There is an important variation in scarring between one person and another, meaning that some people are more susceptible to scarring than others (ex. genetic factors or complexion). Scarring usually is a consequence of severe inflammatory nodular cystic acne that happens deep in the skin. But, scarring may also appear from more superficial inflamed lesions.

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- Angelique Jodein